Articles - Interfaces

An unshielded twisted-pair cable that is transformer-coupled to a digital system can easily act as a radiating antenna, not because of the differential analog signal the cable carries, but because of common-mode currents induced by unwanted stray ...

Most differential field bus technologies, like CAN and RS-485, specify a parameter called common-mode voltage. Common-mode voltage refers to the range of bus input voltages, with respect to the transceiver’s ground, within which the ...

At times, designers face a limited amount of wire and/or a limited cost to communicate with a remote device such as a sensor. Many devices allow communication over an ac or dc power line employing an AM or FM modulation scheme. However, they tend ...

Bosch Semiconductors CAN XL provides a superior solution for data rates up to 10 Mbit/s by maintaining the advantages of the CAN protocol like collision-resolution by non-destructive arbitration. With respect to the bitrate, CAN XL fills the gap ...

Controller area networks, used for communication purposes in many systems, are vulnerable to high-voltage transients. However, certain devices can help better guard against those problems. The controller area network (CAN) is a very popular serial ...

Jeff Anderson EDN Introduction to Bidirectional Buses Bidirectional buses (e.g., I 2 C, SMBus, and LIN) have become ubiquitous in today’s electronics due in part to their simplicity. Using only two wires data and clock multiple devices can ...

John Donovan Digi-Key With more and more consumer, medical, and industrial devices communicating wirelessly, the so-called Internet of Things (IoT) is set to explode over the next several years. Many, if not most, of these devices will be ...

Technology finally makes millimeter waves practical to use, enabling the continued growth of wireless communications before we run out of spectrum. Millimeter waves occupy the frequency spectrum from 30 GHz to 300 GHz. They’re found in the ...

Serial-data speed is usually stated in terms of bit rate. However, another oft-quoted measure of speed is baud rate. Though the two aren’t the same, similarities exist under some circumstances. This tutorial will make the difference clear. ...