.. up with suitable power output stages, which is indeed common practical practice. Problem solved. But just for fun, this design idea takes a different path to power by merging a venerable (the “L” stands for ...
.. subcircuit that uses degeneration of a PNP transistor to achieve zero temperature coefficient (tempco or TC). This low-cost design is the result of collecting data on many semiconductor devices over a 15+ year period and frequent reviews of ...
.. noise annoys. Occasionally, it can be a valuable tool. Surprisingly, there is a whole palette of noise colors [ 1 ]. This design idea (DI) shows good ways of generating the commonest and most useful ones, which are white [ 2 ] and pink [ ...
.. common-mode current can easily add to the signal. It is recommended to connect the instrument grounds with a solid wire and use a CM choke in the supply wires to the generator. Limitations There are always applications that require ... .. capacitance at its output. For this white noise generator circuit, some output capacitance that leads to peaking can be a design feature rather than a hazard. The output sees 10 kΩ R S and a 50 nF C X to ground. This capacitor C X ...
.. A homemade optocoupler (Figure 4) with a GL5506 photoresistor (peak spectral sensitivity is 540 nm) and a green SMD LED (510-555 nm) of 3014 footprint (3.0 mm × 1.4 mm) is used. Such a pair effectively performs its function at 100 ... .. Yellow and white LEDs have been successfully tested. Don't forget to shade the optocoupler in bright light. Figure 4. Design of a homemade optocoupler. The filter capacitor C3 can be omitted when working with frequencies above 1 kHz; ...
.. circuits can be characterized by sweeping the input signal across a range of frequencies and observing the response of the design. Input sweeps can be composed of discrete input frequencies or a swept sine. Extremely low frequency sine ...
.. into via standard RS-232 output signals (e.g., RTS and TxD) and used to power attached analog and digital circuitry. This design idea (DI) does exactly that by using asynchronous RS-232 to power and count pulses from a simple 10-kHz ...
.. the system shown in Fig. 1, you can quickly test a cable containing twisted-wire pairs and detect open or reversed pairs, shorted pairs, and shorts between unrelated pairs. The tester consists ...
.. voltage (V OC ), as long as they do not consume an appreciable amount of current relative to the module I SC . In this design, current through R1 and R2 contributes an error of 19 µA, or 0.0038% of I SC . Figure 4. PV capacitive ...
.. is about 18 mA at 80 MHz, which luckily the LT1027 reference is rated to handle. Just. Figure 2. Rail booster and 5.000 volt precision voltage reference. The 16x preaccumulator U2 allows use of microcontroller onboard counter-timer ... .. parts count) than the King’s? It’s partly the self-compensating TBH diode charge pump described in an earlier Design Idea: “Take-back-half precision diode charge pump” ( Reference 2 ). It also gets help from AC ...