The circuit in Figure 1 shows an electronic switch driven by a momentary pushbutton, which turns the power alternately on and off. It was designed for battery-powered equipment. The easiest way to implement it is to use a flip-flop IC, such as the ...
Avoiding op-amp output saturation error by keeping op-amp outputs “live” and below zero volts is a job where a few milliamps and volts (or even fractions of one volt) of regulated negative rail can be key to achieving accurate analog ...
Fig 1’s circuit, which was developed to monitor the traffic of bumblebees into and out of the hive, differentiates “a-to-b” motion from “b-to-a” motion. When used with an optical decoder, the circuit distinguishes ...
In the classic configuration and most variants of the astable 555 multivibrator circuit, the timing characteristics are based on the charging and discharging of a capacitor. However, it can be argued that since the exponential voltage of a ...