A good manually adjusted audio gain stage is characterized by: Low noise and low distortion, A 20 kHz bandwidth, A wide gain adjustment range (e.g. 90 dB), and Logarithmic (at least pseudo-logarithmic) control characteristic to Efficiently span ...
There are several applications in which pulses longer than the set width are to be detected, ignoring the other short pulses. We are familiar with the missing pulse detector circuit, which detects the occurrence of a missing pulse in a pulse train ...
A traditional implementation of an absolute-difference function comprises a difference circuit followed by an absolute-value circuit; the entire circuit requires at least three op amps. The design problem is complicated in single-supply-only ...
The use of multiplexer chips (typically various members of the 405x family) to control gain in transimpedance (current to voltage conversion) signal-processing and data acquisition op-amp circuits, is an established practice. Using a multiplexer ...
The need for conditioning low-level ac signals in the presence of both common-mode noise and differential dc voltage prevails in many applications. In such situations, ac-coupling to instrumentation and difference amplifiers is mandatory to extract ...
The control of electronic potentiometers in most today's applications comes from controller-generated signals. However, a significant number of applications exist that require adjustments using manual, front-panel controls. The circuit in ...
Long ago in a galaxy far away (actually, the same galaxy but the Milky Way is moving so it must logically be far away from where it was way back then), I sketched up a simple circuit for a DC coupled amplifier that I thought (in my youthful ...
Low-frequency filters, particularly at audio frequencies, usually take the form of active filters. These filters eliminate expensive inductors with windings of many turns. Both analog and digital active filters are most compatible with large-scale ...
You can use a photoelectric FET as a variable resistor or a potentiometer in combination with a fixed resistor. The H11F3M photoelectric FET has an isolation voltage of 7.5 kV, enabling you to safely control high-voltage circuit parameters. The ...
Many applications require a sinusoidal reference voltage synchronized to the ac line voltage. You cannot derive such a reference voltage directly from the ac line because the waveform of the ac line is distorted because of nonlinear loads connected ...