.. pattern for Q1. Just one comment about obtaining that Lissajous pattern. The oscilloscope simulations in the Multisim-SPICE I was using do not support “x” versus “y” capability, and therefore cannot provide the ...
.. in the feedback path of a non-inverting amplifier. But what about temperature fluctuations? Thanks to the very powerful SPICE simulator LTspice from Analog Devices ( Ref. 2 ), the AC small signal gain frequency (1 Hz up to 1 GHz) ...
There are many ways of generating analog sawtooth waveforms with oscillating circuits. Here’s a method that employs a single supply voltage rail to produce a buffered signal whose frequency can be varied over a range from 10 Hz to 1 MHz ...
A 4 to 20 mA loop current is a popular terminology with Instrumentation/Electronics engineers in process industries. Field transmitters like pressure, temperature, flow, etc., give out 4 to 20 mA current signals corresponding to the respective ...
The Ćuk topology is ideal for generating a negative output voltage from a positive supply voltage. Negative voltages are needed in many systems to enable useful readout of signals from certain sensors. For this, a signal chain may need to be ...
It's important to properly sequence the bias applied to an RF/microwave GaAs FET or a MMIC (monolithic-microwave-IC) amplifier. These devices are extremely sensitive to drain and gate voltage levels as well as to the order in which these biases ...
Abstract Robust systems often allow multiple power sources. When different power sources are used to power a device, switches need to be implemented to separate the power supplies from each other to avoid damage. This can be accomplished with ...
The switching power supply in Figure 1 produces 3.3 V dc from an input voltage of 2.5 to 20 V dc with high efficiency. The circuit operates at an input voltage as low as 1.5 V once it starts from a minimum of 2.5 V dc, allowing the switcher to ...
.. original sinusoidal frequency, a little trigonometry and four-quadrant multipliers can be useful. Consider the following SPICE simulation in Figure 1. Figure 1. Two analog frequency doublers, A1 + U1 and A2 + U2, in cascade to form a ...
A common problem for power-supply designers is to create a compact, dual-polarity step-down converter. If space and cost are not concerns, the obvious solution is a pair of DC/DC converters, one for each output. But space and cost are almost always ...