Adding current-limiting circuitry to a power amplifier's or a linear voltage regulator's emitter-follower output stage protects both the output transistor and the downstream circuitry from excessive-current damage. Figure 1 shows the ...
Many industrial and control applications use analog current loops as the physical link for measurements and actuator control. Although several ranges are used, the most popular is still the 4- to 20-mA standard. Loop accuracy depends on the ...
Many approaches for creating notch filters, which reject a narrow band of frequencies and pass all others, are unsatisfactory because they allow the component tolerances to interact. The circuit in Figure 1 overcomes this limitation and enables ...
Power meters provide an early warning of thermal overload by monitoring power consumption in high-reliability systems. Power monitoring is especially suitable for motor controllers, industrial heating systems, and other systems in which the load ...
Many suitable circuits exist for driving LEDs in constant-current mode and from low-voltage sources. For example, references 1 , and 2 show circuits that use switched-mode-regulator ICs and low-voltage sources to supply LED current. To produce a ...
Energy-harvesting, or “scavenging,” systems extract energy from the ambient environment. Unfortunately, these power generators supply much less energy than do standard batteries. However, thanks to the decreasing size and low-power ...
Larry Suppan, Maxim Integrated Application Note 657 Placing a load-disconnect circuit on the output of a bootstrapped step-up regulator allows the regulator to start with load currents much higher than would otherwise be possible (Figure 1). During ...
Maxim Integrated Application Note 1872 This application note presents a circuit that uses a low-power CMOS comparator to provide an LED visual indication of a low-battery condition. This LBO (low-battery-indicator) is achieved by pulsing the LED at ...
The Design Idea in Figure 1 is a precision current mirror used to drive two strings of five white LEDs. Figure 1. Current source/mirror driving two LED strings. The op-amp has double negative feedback (since M2 inverts the signal at the ...
With portable battery-operated devices continuing to add functionality while shrinking in size, printed-circuit-board real estate becomes increasingly valuable. Single-supply circuitry can help by saving space and cost. Adding audio or video, ...