Booster transistor Q1 can handle current and power beyond 431 max IC and dissipation limits

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Other Materials from the Main Document

• Article «Combine two TL431 regulators to make versatile current mirror»
• Figure 1. The R1/R2 resistance ratio sets the I₂/I₁ current ratio
• Figure 2. Booster transistor Q1 can handle current and power beyond 431 max IC and dissipation limits
• Figure 3. Add six resistors and one transistor to two TL431s to make this 0/20 mA to 4/20 mA current loop converter. Z2 sums the 500-mV offset provided by Z1 with the 0 to 2 V made by current sensor R1, then scales that with R2 to output the 4 to 20 mA with a boost