Small, simple, high-voltage supply features single IC

Maxim MAX1605

Alfredo Saab

EDN

Sensors, electrostatic traps, and other applications require regulated, high-voltage power supplies that deliver modest amounts of output current. Simplicity, low quiescent current, and compactness are desirable in such supplies. The circuit of Figure 1 meets these requirements, and its magnetically isolated output allows you to configure a positive, negative, or floating output. A separate winding that generates a feedback voltage proportional to the output voltage, but lower, enables the floating output. This arrangement eliminates the need for high-value resistors in a resistive-feedback divider, which the circuit would otherwise require for direct sampling of the high-voltage output. This low-voltage divider contains resistors with much lower values, which dissipate much less power.

Small, simple, high-voltage supply features single IC
Figure 1. Obtaining feedback from a low-voltage secondary winding, this
high-voltage supply generates 500 V with low quiescent current.

The MAX1605 IC from Maxim contains the necessary switching regulator, modulator, error amplifier, and power switches (Reference 1). It drives the primary of a toroidal transformer that includes a feedback secondary and several output windings. With the component values in the figure, the circuit can generate 500 V (figure 2 and figure 3). You can vary the output voltage ±30% by adjusting the ratio of the resistive-feedback divider. You can also increase or decrease the output voltage in steps by adding or removing the rectifier/capacitor/output-winding modules. The BAV21 is a high-voltage, low-reverse-current, general-purpose diode.

Small, simple, high-voltage supply features single IC
Figure 2. The graph shows output voltage and input current
versus input voltage.

As with all switching converters, EMI (electromagnetic interference) and circuit parasitics can present problems. The circuit needs careful PCB (printed-circuit-board) layout, along with filtering, decoupling, and shielding. The high-voltage output has approximately 1% ripple. You can add an RC or an LC filter in series with the output to achieve lower output ripple.

Small, simple, high-voltage supply features single IC
Figure 3. The graph shows output voltage and input current
versus load current.

Reference

  1.  “30V Internal Switch LCD Bias Supply,” MAX1605 data sheet, Maxim, October 2003.

EDN

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