Electrets aren’t only used as audio pickups. For decades, they have been employed in security systems to detect unexpected changes of air pressure within rooms, while more recently they can be found in vapes as suck-sensors (or, more ...
Generating analog sawtooth waveforms (linear ramp followed by a quick reset to zero) from digital timing signals is a common function. It usually requires a negative supply as sketched in Figure 1, where Negative current through R1 ramps up ...
Frequent design idea (DI) contributor Nick Cornford recently published a synergistic pair of DIs “A pitch-linear VCO, part 1: Getting it going” ( Ref. 1 ) and “A pitch-linear VCO, part 2: taking it further” ( Ref. 2 ). The ...
If you've ever designed an RF oscillator, you've probably encountered squegging. Sometimes called motor boating, squegging causes oscillators to start and stop at frequencies much lower than the frequency of interest. Viewed on an ...
The recent Design Idea “Getting an audio signal with a THD 0.0002% made easy” [ 1 ] discloses a low THD sine generator which led me to dust off a design that I had published in AudioXpress magazine [ 2 ] (see Figure 1). Figure 1. A ...
ADC circuits that resolve signal into 20 or more bits need a low-noise signal source for measuring parameters such as harmonic distortion or effective number of bits. A notch filter removes the fundamental frequency from the oscillators signal for ...
This circuit is a simple sweep generator. The sawtooth is generated by the PNP transistor and the 555 . The transistor together with the 2 diodes at the base form a constant current source which charges the 330 nF capacitor. If 2/3V CC (=6 V) is ...
Figure 1 shows a variation on a sine wave oscillator, it uses just two transistors and a single variable resistor to set the frequency. Figure 1. Just a couple of components are needed for a simple tunable sine wave oscillator. The section around ...
I needed a simple mist maker/humidifier for a project that I was working on. I found lots of ideas on the internet, but they all lacked in one area or another, so I decided to design one. The following lays out my easy-to-build ultrasonic mist ...
A common technique for implementing PWM involves comparing a triangular waveform of fixed amplitude and frequency with a variable dc voltage level. Although this approach results in a PWM signal of precise frequency and with duty cycle variable ...