Circuits & Schematics: metal

1. How to build an isolated digital AC dimmer using Arduino
   Circuits Arduino Supply NXP BT138-800
   .. it is used to attach a heatsink) is connected to the Pin-2. It means you should never touch the heatsink or screw it to a metal enclosure! R4, R5, and C2 implement a snubber circuit [1] for the IC2 and C1 and R7 make a snubber circuit [ 1 ...
   26-04-2024

2. Rotary encoder mates with digital potentiometer
   Circuits Digital Switch Channel RE11
   .. electrical encoder, in which each turn can create some bounce or noise issues because of the imperfect nature of the metal contacts within the switch. The LS7084 prevents such erroneous signals from reaching the AD5220 . The operation ...
   29-03-2024

3. High-power LED drivers require no external switches
   Circuits Supply Light Maxim MAX1685 MAX4162 MAX5035
   .. 2, and figure 3 are suitable for applications in which the power source comprises three or four alkaline, NiMH (nickel-metal-hydride), or NiCd (nickel-cadmium) cells. Those in figure 4 and figure 5 are for vehicular applications in ...
   20-03-2024
4. Voltage inverter uses gate's output pins as inputs and its ground pin as output
   Circuits Supply Texas Instruments SN74AC14 CD40106B
   .. as inputs and ground as an output was fun. And an afterthought: For higher voltage operation, simply drop in CD40106B metal-gate chips for the 74AC14s, then with no other changes, V+ and V- can be as high as 20 V. Materials on the ...
   13-03-2024
5. ∆Vbe differential thermometer needs no calibration
   Circuits Analogue Design Measurement Texas Instruments CD4053B TLV2374
   .. convenience, the R5/R6 ratio was chosen so that Resistor values adorned with an asterisk in the schematic denote precision metal-film types. Current-ratio-setting R2, R3, R13, and R14 are particularly critical to minimizing zero error and ...
   06-03-2024
6. A simple, accurate, and efficient charge pump voltage inverter for $1 (in singles)
   Circuits Supply Texas Instruments CD4053B
   .. IN . Under load, it will decline at ~160 mV/mA (Figure 3). If operation at higher V IN inputs (up to 10 V) is required, the metal-gate CD4053B can be employed. Of course, capacitor voltage ratings would need to be correspondingly higher. ...
   10-01-2024
7. Exclusively select 1 of N relays
   Circuits Supply ECE EDR2
   .. “one and only one” function is often implemented as mechanical switches in which an actuator (usually a movable metal bracket) is used to switch contact groups on and off. When any switch is pressed, this bracket first ...
   24-11-2023
8. Adjust op-amp gain from -30 dB to +60 dB with one linear pot
   Circuits Analogue Design Amplifiers Analog Devices OP37
   .. GIGO gain versus R2 wiper position 0 to 1 = fully CCW to fully CW. To optimize noise performance, R1 and R3 should be metal film types to avoid carbon-resistor excess (1/f) noise, and R2 should be a cermet type. Materials on the topic ...
   24-10-2023
9. Make gain-control multiplexer R_ON and R_OFF errors (mostly) disappear
   Circuits Analogue Design Texas Instruments CD4052B TLV2371
   .. mux R ON values run from 100 to 1000 Ω, tend to vary significantly with fabrication process (e.g., polysilicon gate vs metal) signal level, supply voltage, and temperature. Because they are electrically in series with the resistors, ...
   28-09-2023
10. Flip-flop plus choke comprise simple and cheap inductive sensor
    Circuits Measurement Fairchild 2N3904
    .. lost in the sand. A typical sensor design consists of an inductor integrated into an oscillator, so that entry of metal into the magnetic field of the inductor changes the frequency of oscillation. Figure 1 shows a particularly ...
    06-09-2023

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