Circuits & Schematics Signal Processing, Filters - 2

On two days in the course of every year, one in March heralding the start of spring and another in September marking the first of fall, the Earth’s axis of rotation aligns perpendicular to the rays of the Sun. These days are the equinoxes ...

A traditional implementation of an absolute-difference function comprises a difference circuit followed by an absolute-value circuit; the entire circuit requires at least three op amps. The design problem is complicated in single-supply-only ...

Whenever I find myself harboring a constantly nagging thought, I know I will eventually have to get busy and find a way to put it to rest. When I read EDN’s Design Ideas, I look for the range of frequencies over which the circuit will ...

Low-frequency filters, particularly at audio frequencies, usually take the form of active filters. These filters eliminate expensive inductors with windings of many turns. Both analog and digital active filters are most compatible with large-scale ...

High-speed DACs offer differential outputs, but, for low-end ac applications or high-precision level-setting applications, a single-ended current-output DAC with a differential-conversion circuit provides a novel approach to generating ...

Introduction In some applications it is necessary to transmit square waves across a long cable. However, long cables typically have high capacitance, which can significantly affect the signal’s wave shape. As such, the signal’s ...

If you need to quickly and inexpensively convert a binary number into a proportional analog voltage, one cool (and easily remoted) way to do it is: 1. Serialize the number into a bit stream with the LSB output first, 2. input the resulting stream ...

The isolation amplifier circuit of Figure 1 is simple but accurate. With the values shown it converts 0 to 5 V DC or low frequency signals with unity gain, but you can adjust the gain by changing R4. Figure 1. The floating sigma-delta converter U1 ...

At least two classic ways exist to address applications requiring sampling of a sum of analog voltages. The most common way is to cascade a classic analog adder and a sample-and-hold amplifier. A classic analog adder is an op amp plus at least ...

Pulse width modulation (PWM) is a simple and inexpensive (therefore popular!) way to implement moderate performance (e.g., 8 bit resolution low speed) digital to analog conversion, but improvising cheap DACs isn’t the only thing PWM can do. ...