Circuits & Schematics: -Wire Barometer 5/10 Volt Design vrs - 2

11. Full circle current loops: 4 mA-20 mA to 0 mA-20 mA
    Stephen Woodward
    Circuits Analogue Design Measurement Interfaces Texas Instruments TLV431
    .. topic that has recently drawn a lot of interest (!) and no fewer than four separate design articles (!!) here in Design Ideas, is the conversion of 0 to 20 mA current sources into industrial standard ...
    Feb 13, 2026

12. Another silly simple precision 0-20mA to 4/20mA converter
    Ashutosh Sapre
    Circuits Analogue Design Measurement Interfaces ON Semiconductor LM337
    .. mA current source (say from a sensor with a separate power source that outputs a 0-20 mA signal current) into a 4-20 mA two-wire transmitter current loop (a standard 2 terminal industrial current source). Below is another novel, ‘silly ...
    .. recent Design Idea (DI), “Silly simple precision 0/20 mA to 4/20 mA converter,” ( Ref. 1 ) by prolific DI ...
    Feb 13, 2026
13. Transformerless 85-260VAC to 12VDC-0.2A power supply
    Hesam Moshiri
    Circuits Supply Diodes AL17150
    .. waveforms (simulation) of the C2 capacitor. Figure 3. Voltage and current waveforms of C2 (simulation). AL17150 buck design tool The chip man µFacturer (Diodes Incorporated) has introduced an interesting and helpful Microsoft ...
    Feb 12, 2026
14. Classic constant current cascode
    Stephen Woodward
    Circuits Measurement Supply Texas Instruments TL431
    .. were both absolutely correct. Table 6.6 in the TL431 datasheet reveals a maximum reference-voltage error of up to 2 mV per volt of cathode-to-anode voltage swing, consistent with the mediocre 20 V/40 µA = 500k active impedance he ...
    .. is to say, just how “constant” is their output held against changes in applied voltage? Frequent and expert Design Idea (DI) commentator Ashutosh Sapre was kind enough to measure this parameter for a design of mine and share ...
    Feb 5, 2026
15. Short push, long push for sequential operation of multiple power supplies
    Jayapal Ramalingam
    Circuits Supply Microcontrollers Usage Microchip ATmega328P
    .. is withdrawn first, and then the 5-V supply. Hence, one push button does both (sequential) ON and OFF functions. This Design Idea (DI) is intended for MCU-based projects. No additional components/circuitry are needed to implement this ...
    Feb 4, 2026
16. Circuit controls inrush current in ac-operated power supplies
    Peter Demchenko
    Circuits Supply Power ON Semiconductor MOC3062M
    .. circuit breaker, or you may damage the rectifier, filer chokes, or PCB (printed-circuit-board) traces. The circuit in this Design Idea inserts a current-limiting resistor in the capacitor’s charging path. It senses when the capacitor ...
    Jan 30, 2026
17. Optically isolated overcurrent detector works from ac mains
    Jaime Castelló José María Espí Marcos Arasa Rafael García-Gil
    Circuits Measurement Supply Vishay 4N25
    .. circuit in this Design Idea detects short-circuit faults or excess-current conditions in line-operated equipment, such as a UPS ...
    Jan 30, 2026
18. Tune 555 frequency over 4 decades
    Stephen Woodward
    Circuits Oscillators Texas Instruments LMC555
    .. minimize the effects of loading from making further contributions to instability. Nevertheless, the strong suit of this design is definitely its dynamic range. Precision? Not so much. Materials on the topic Datasheet Texas Instruments ...
    Jan 29, 2026
19. FM receiver/radio using Arduino and TEA5767
    Hesam Moshiri
    Circuits Arduino Microcontrollers Usage Radio TSC TS2937 TS2940
    .. I used the SamacSys component libraries (for IC1 and IC2) in this PCB project as usual. It saves a lot of time and prevents design mistakes which leads to a lower product cost. All SamacSys component libraries (Schematic symbols, PCB ...
    Jan 22, 2026
20. Combine two TL431 regulators to make versatile current mirror
    Stephen Woodward
    Circuits Analogue Design Supply ON Semiconductor TL431 TLV431 NJW21193G
    .. designs for current mirror circuits have been an active topic recently here in Design Ideas (DIs). Usually, the mirror designer’s aim is to make the mirror’s input and output currents ...
    Jan 22, 2026

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