Circuits & Schematics: TL431 - 2

11. Combine two TL431 regulators to make versatile current mirror
    Stephen Woodward
    Circuits Analogue Design Supply ON Semiconductor TL431 TLV431 NJW21193G
    .. combining two of the beasties to make a programmable gain current mirror. The choice between the 2.5-V reference voltage TL431 and the 1.24-V TLV431 can be based on their different current and voltage ratings. For current: 1 mA to 100 mA ...
    Jan 22, 2026

12. Making a Class AB output stage safer
    Circuits Amplifiers Diodes TL431
    .. in this design is for lower attenuation in the thermal feedback, hence a more precise compensation can be achieved. TL431 is preferable to an ordinary Zener diode since the TL431 has far lower dynamic resistance and allows for a ...
    Feb 18, 2021
13. Shunt circuit clips large transients or regulates voltage
    Peter Demchenko
    Circuits Supply Diodes TL431
    .. circuit in Figure 1 is a high-power analog of the popular TL431 programmable shunt regulator. This two-terminal circuit is convenient when the drain of the P-channel FET is ...
    Nov 24, 2022
14. Using a MOSFET as a thermostatic heater
    Peter Demchenko
    Circuits Automation Diodes TL431
    .. the envelope detector; they also make a level shift of this negative value to a positive one, making it appropriate for the TL431 . To make this possible, the voltage regulator on LM317 provides a positive voltage for this level shift. The ...
    Mar 30, 2023
15. An efficient and simple regulator for heating/lighting purposes
    Peter Demchenko
    Circuits Supply Diodes TL431
    .. The monopolar pulses the circuit produces are averaged by R1C1 and some part of the result (R2/R8, R9, R10) is compared by TL431 (Q3) with its internal V REF . If this part is lower than the internal V REF (2.5 V), the transistor Q2 is ...
    Oct 5, 2023
16. UVP protects rechargeable batteries
    Peter Demchenko
    Circuits Supply Diodes TL431
    .. off if the /OFF input goes low or the under-voltage trip point is reached. The trip point expression is: (V REF is the TL431 2.5 V reference voltage) So To make the influence of I REF (4 µA max.) negligible, make the current ...
    Nov 30, 2023
17. Precision programmable current sink
    Stephen Woodward
    Circuits Analogue Design Supply Diodes TL431
    .. TL431 has been around for nearly 50 years. During those decades, while primarily marketed as a precision adjustable ...
    May 22, 2025
18. Classic constant current cascode
    Stephen Woodward
    Circuits Measurement Supply Texas Instruments TL431
    .. his results. The circuit, applied as a 4 to 20 mA current mirror, is shown in Figure 1 and discussed in “Combine two TL431 regulators to make versatile current mirror” ( Ref. 1 ). Figure 1. A 4 to 20 mA current mirror with poor ...
    Feb 5, 2026
19. Measure two resistive sensors or multiple switches with a single Schmitt
    Petre Petrov
    Circuits Measurement Microcontrollers Usage
    Many of the sensors capturing information from the world around us are resistive. A few examples are NTC, PTC, LDR, contact sensors. If we convert the resistance of the sensors into frequency or pulse duration, these parameters can be measured by ...
    Aug 1, 2014
20. Ultra low drop linear voltage regulator
    Circuits Supply Power
    .. to the output here. The voltage doubler feeds this voltage to the gate through resistor R1. Adjustable shunt regulator TL431 (IC2) is used here as an error amplifier, and it dynamically adjusts the gate voltage to maintain the ...
    Apr 2, 2009

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