Circuits & Schematics - 3

There are several applications in which pulses longer than the set width are to be detected, ignoring the other short pulses. We are familiar with the missing pulse detector circuit, which detects the occurrence of a missing pulse in a pulse train ...

This Design Idea is an evolution and simplification of another (Figure 1, Reference 1 ). Replacing the three inverted-input NOR gates with their logical equivalents, positive-input NAND gates, makes these three gate symbols consistent with the ...

On two days in the course of every year, one in March heralding the start of spring and another in September marking the first of fall, the Earth’s axis of rotation aligns perpendicular to the rays of the Sun. These days are the equinoxes ...

A traditional implementation of an absolute-difference function comprises a difference circuit followed by an absolute-value circuit; the entire circuit requires at least three op amps. The design problem is complicated in single-supply-only ...

This switching regulator is highly efficient and can be used for AC and DC and requires no reactive L/C components. The regulator can provide a power factor very close to 1. The circuit (see Figure 1) can be used to regulate a heating process with ...

It is known that the p-n diode can be the basis of an accurate thermometer for cryogenic temperatures up to about 200 C. A constant current is maintained through the diode and the voltage across it gives an indication of the temperature. The ...

Numerous applications require the measurement of very low resistances, including but not limited to fuse integrity analysis, relay characterization, and superconductor evaluation. There is a wide range of commercially available equipment designed ...

The use of multiplexer chips (typically various members of the 405x family) to control gain in transimpedance (current to voltage conversion) signal-processing and data acquisition op-amp circuits, is an established practice. Using a multiplexer ...

This handheld electric PCB drill speed controller is cheap, easy to build, and only uses a few components. Basically, it is an Arduino Uno based PWM controller that operates at a relatively high frequency (Figure 1). It features almost 0-100% DC ...

The need for conditioning low-level ac signals in the presence of both common-mode noise and differential dc voltage prevails in many applications. In such situations, ac-coupling to instrumentation and difference amplifiers is mandatory to extract ...