.. discharge C 1 to ground. Its “on” resistance is less than 1 Ω and so yields a discharge that lasts more than 10 time constants. The sawtooth’s peak amplitude A is where V REF for U 1 is 1.225 V. For a 3.3-V rail, the ...
.. by adding one resistor (R8) and changing another (R1). Here’s the scale-changing arithmetic: For example, 10 V is illustrated in Figure 4. Figure 4. A 10-V V IN span is easily accommodated if you can find a 15 MΩ precision ...
.. can be positive, negative, or, in the case of a perfect match between R 3 and R 4 , zero. The circuit is tested for R 3 = 10.001 kΩ and R 4 = 10 kΩ 1%. As Figure 4 shows, the transfer function is perfectly linear (the R 2 factor equals unity) ...
.. (MSBY+LSBY/256)/256. The asterisked resistors are 0.25% precision types. It is assumed that the PWM frequency (F PWM ) is ~10 kHz. Two 8-bit resolution PWM signals with a rep rate of ~10 kHz serve as inputs, one for the most significant byte ...
Recently (5/21/25), I published a Design Idea (DI) describing a bidirectional current mirror using just two transistors and a diode, “A two-way mirror current mirror that is” ( Ref. 1 ). That circuit works well in some applications, ...
.. loop somewhat under-damped at low frequencies, but are a good compromise. The spectra with unloaded outputs at 0 dBV and 10 dBV are both shown in Figure 2. Figure 2. The spectra for 1 kHz outputs at 0 dBV and 10 dBV, showing THDs of around ...
.. that to 12 V made only one change to the performance: the output became very, very loud. And it drew around an amp with a 10 Ω load. And it could do with a heatsink. And a TDA7056A/B rather than a ’52. The Vcon input on pin 4 is not ...
.. most critical, as that determines the ripple on the output voltage. Using 100 uF, you can expect fairly low ripple with a 10 mA load. More than around 220 uF is unlikely to provide much benefit. Expect less than 1.5 mV (3 mV for the inverting ...